The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition of 1872-74
The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition of 1872-74
As late as the second half of the nineteenth century, there was still a vestigial belief that north of the Arctic ice lay a warm "Polar Sea." In 1871, the Austrian government dispatched veteran Arctic explorers Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht to investigate this possibility. As Payer wrote, "Our ideal aim was the north-east passage, our immediate and definite object was the exploration of the seas and lands on the north-east of Novaya Zemlya." The ship chosen was Tegetthoff, a wooden steamship sheathed in iron and named for the nineteenth-century Austrian Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff. With provisions for three years, the ship sailed from Bremerhaven on June 13, 1872. Rounding Norway and sailing into the Barents Sea, on August 20 she became icebound off Novaya Zemlya in 76°22N, 63°3E. By August 1873 she had drifted northwest to 79°43E, 59°33, near the previously unknown Franz Josef Land, a group of islands about 275 miles northeast of Novaya Zemlya. After exploring the islands, which they named for the Austrian emperor, and advancing as far north as 82°5N, on May 20, 1874, Payer and Weyprecht decided to abandon Tegetthoff and sledge back to Novaya Zemlya with the ship's boats. Three months of sledging brought them to the edge of the ice pack in 77°40N. Taking to their boats, they were rescued by the Russian whaleship Nicholas off Novaya Zemlya. Arctic, Franz-Josef Land… In 1872 an Austrian society composed by representatives of Austrian nobility, scientists, politicians and public figures, that sponsored Austrian efforts to conquer the North Pole, organized raising of funds, equipment and outfit for the Arctic expedition headed by lieutenants Julius Payer and Karl Weyprecht. The main goal of the expedition intended to last for 2.5 years was the discovery of the North-East Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. The immediate goal of the expedition, however, was to explore lands and waters of the Arctic Ocean located to the North-East of Novaya Zemlya Island. Being partisans of August Peterman’s hypothesis on “warm”, ice-free waters expanses existing in the Arctic Ocean, Payer and Weyprecht believed to be able to reach the Bering Straits making their way through the Great Siberian Unfrozen Sea supposedly located to the North-East of Novaya Zemlya. “The Tegetthoff” wooden hull steamship of 200 tons displacement, powered with a 100 h.p. engine was specially built for this expedition. On June 1872 the “Tegetthoff” left the German seaport Bremerhafen and headed for Novaya Zemlya. But their hopes to find Barents Sea free of ice proved wrong. As early as on August 21, west off Novaya Zemlya, a bit north of Barents Islands, the “Tegetthoff” was trapped by ice and drifted with the ice fields to the North-West over several months. A year later, on August, 30, 1873, the monotony of life of the ice-bound ship was interrupted by an event of major importance.
“Toward the midday –Julius Payer recalled afterwards – we were standing on the deck, leaning on the ship’s board and staring aimlessly at the mist, that had began to dissipate in some spots. Suddenly the mist dissipated completely in the North-West, and we saw cliffs. In a few minutes we caught an astonishing sight of a majestic mountainous landscape and glaciers, that dazzled us in the sunshine. For a few seconds we stood stunned and couldn’t believe our eyes. Then, overwhelmed by emotions, we burst out crying: “Land! Land!” And we named this unknown land after the Austrian Emperor Franz Josef Land. Only two months later, on November, 1, 1873, when the ice floe, drifting along with ship got frozen to the shore ice, the members of the expedition could land on the shore of a small island south-east of the Franz Josef Land, named in honour of one of the main expedition sponsors – Count Hans Wilchek. The Polar Night that had already set, prevented the expedition from starting exploration of newly found land. The wintering near the Franz Josef Land shores was overshadowed by scurvy. Early in March died of scurvy the machinist Krish. In spring the disease started ceding, due to a successful polar bear hunting. Once the Polar Day had set, the expedition started preparations for sledge trips to explore the Franz Josef Land. The first one took place in the middle of March. Payer got to the Tegetthoff Cape and climbed the Sonklar Glacier on the Galla Island. The air temperature at the top of the glacier was 50 grades below zero. Late in March Payer and 6 other men undertook a long sledge expedition. As they had only three dogs, the sledges were mainly pulled by men. In the course of a month Payer traveled about the Franz Josef Land, collecting rock samples, studying land’s structure and outline, as well as its wildlife. During this expedition the Austrians reached the northernmost part of the Franz Josef Land – the Fligel Cape. But at that time Payer believed that north of the FJL there was another land, that he named Peterman Land. The members of the expedition hoisted the Austrian flag on the Fligel Cape. Early in May Payer along with two other people undertook a travel to the West; in the course of the expedition he found out that the newly found land was of enormous extension in that direction. The explorations carried out by Julius Payer resulted in the first, though rather inaccurate map of the Franz Josef Land. In May 1874 the expedition decided to abandon the ice-caught Tegetthoff and try to reach the Novaya Zemlya shores in the hope of spotting there some whalers or hunting vessel. They got over ice floes handling crowbars and axes, moved on sledges their load or crossed ice-free expanses of water in four boats either paddling with oars or sailing. Only after 96 days of exhausting travel, in the small hours of August 18 the explorers reached the Admiralty Cape of Novaya Zemlya. They were lucky to find on August 24 a group of pomors, Russian Arctic coast dwellers, headed by Fyodor Voronin, that took them on board the schooner Nikolay and took them to Norwegian port of Warde. And from there, the Austrian Polar explorers, after 812 days from the beginning of the expedition returned safely home on September, 3. The results of the expedition did not fill its leaders with much optimism about transportation and hunting or fishing prospects of the Polar seas. Payer considered the North-East Passage impracticable and in any case denied its “commercial value”. Aim: The primary aim of the journey was to navigate the north-eastern passage, its actual purpose was the exploration of parts of sea or land northwest of Nowaja Semlja [Payer]. According to Weyprecht's planning, the North Pole was a secondary target. Result: Discovery in 1873 of Franz-Joseph-Land (a collection of about 85 islands in the Artic Ocean, now a Russina National Park called Zemlya Franc Iosifa).
Timelines:
1872 - 13.June - the "Tegetthoff" leaves Bremerhaven (Geestemünde) 1872 - 3.July - in Tromsö - completion of provision and equipment 30.July - 3.Aug. - locked in the ice for the first time 1872 - 12. (11.) Aug. - meeting of the "Tegetthoff" and the "Isbjörn" ( -> 2.Isbjörn ) 1872 - 13.Aug. - at 76°18' N and 61°17' E - 1 seamile north of the Barents Islands ( at a place called "die drei Särge" ) mooring at the ice edge ( that is about 20 seamiles west of Cape Nassau) 1872 - 15.Aug. - setting up a food depot at the coast of the Barents Islands (this depot will not be used during the retreat 1874) 1872 - 18.Aug. - celebration of the Emperor's Birthday on board of the "Tegetthoff" 1872 - 20. (21.) Aug. - the ships separate - "Isbjörn" starts its journey back and reaches Tromsö on 1.Oct. ( -> 2.Isbjörn ) 1872 - 21.Aug. - "Tegetthoff" is locked in the ice at 76°22' N 62° 3' E north of Nowaja Semlja [acc. to Payer] [76°28' N 61°49' E - diff. source] - drifting with the pack-ice - first to the East - then Wes First winter-over 1873 - 30.Aug. - sighting of land at 79°43' N - 59°33' E - impossible to set foot on it - Payer names the new discovery "Kaiser-Franz-Joseph-Land" 1873 - 31.Oct. - the ship remains frozen in the ice three miles off the shore at 79° 51'N 58° 56'E - 2. (1.) Nov. - taking possession of the land - deposit of a document under a pile of stones Second winter-over 1874 - 10.- 16.March - first sled-journey to the islands 1874 - 16.March - engine-man Krisch dies (burried at Wilczek Island) 1874 - 26.March - 22.April - second sled-journey 1874 - 12.April - Payer reaches the northernmost point of the journey at Cape Fligely at 82° 5' , raises the Austrian flag and deposits a document 1874 - 29.April - 3.May - third sled-journey 1874 - 20.Mai - the ship is abandoned - the journey back starts in 3 boats on sledges. Target: Wilhelms-Island near Nowaja Zemlja 1874 - 14.Aug. - the open sea is reached 1874 - 15.Aug. - first time used the boats in the open sea at 77° 40' N 61° E 1874 - 16.Aug. - Nowaja Zemlja sighted 1874 - 18.Aug. - landed south of the Black Cape at Novaja Semlja (south of the place, where a depot has been set up 1872) 1874 - 23.Aug. - finally sighted a boat in the Dunen-Bay, that brings them to the Russian schooner "Nikolaj" (under captain Feodor Voronin) 1874 - 3.Sep. - the "Nikolaj" arrives at Vardö, Norway - they continue on board the mail-boat "Finmarken" via Tromsö and go on to Hamburg - and at last - after 453 days - on the 25.Sep. - all are back in Vienna - the Tegetthoff is missing until today... End of expedition 1875 - 18.Sep. - 48. Meeting of German scientists and physicians in Graz. Weyprecht reports about the "Basic principles of Arctic research" and makes the suggestion to establish fixed arctic observation stations - these ideas together with those of Georg Neumayer were presented 1879 - to the 2nd international Congress of Meteorologists in Rome and finally ended up 1882 - 83 - in the 1st International Polar Year 1878 - 1879 - Adolf Erik Nordenskjöld (ship: "Vega") is the first to transit the Northeast-Passage The ship named Tegetthoff was constructed in the German port of Bremen using a special new technology to endure extremely low temperatures and dangerous ice pressure (32 m long, 7 m wide, 220 tons).
Financing:
Estimated total costs 175.000 fl. Wilczek made 40.000 fl available for the expedition Emperor Franz Josef granted a subvention of 4.000 fl. in silver Count Franz Salm contributed 20.000 fl. the Geographic Society of Vienna donated 100 fl. k.k. Ministry for Culture and Education gave 3.000 fl. an exhibition of the equipment brought nearly 12.500 fl., etc. Ship: The Tegetthoff was built by Teklenborg & Beurmann in Bremerhaven before 1871. It was a three-mast schooner (barkentine) of 220 tons, 38,34 m / 100 hp / 130 tons of coal; Hull: wood. Comp.: 24. Mach.: steam, 100 hp. It carried food provisions for 2.5 - 3 years.
Crew:
The crew was composed of 24 persons, members of the Austro-Hungarian marine in the Adriatic sea who came from all over Austria-Hungary, especially from Istria and Dalmatia. The crew consisted of 9 Austrians, 1 Hungarian, 1 Moravian Czech, 1 Italian (?), and as many as 12 Istrians and Croats from the Adriatic coast - Rijeka, Cres, Bakar, Volosko, Lovran, Plomin, Mali Losinj, Brac, Hvar. Karl Weyprecht Julius Payer (Note: the names shown in blue font are known to be Istrians) Karl Weyprecht - commander of the ship (from Michelstadt) Julius Payer - leader of the land journeys (from Teplitz) Gustav Brosch - 1.officer (from Komotau, Bohemia) Eduard Orel - 2.officer (from Neutitschein, Moravia) Dr. Julius Kepes - doctor (from Vari a.d. Theiß, Hungary) Elling "Olaf " Carlsen - ice pilot & harpooner (merchant navy captain from Tromsö) Pietro (Petar) Lusina - captain, boatswain (from Cherso) Anton (Ante) Vecerina - carpenter (from Draga near Fiume) Otto Krisch - engine-man, mechanic (from Patschlawitz, Moravia) Josef Pospischil - stoker, fireman (from Prerau) Johann Oratsch - cook (from Graz) Johann Haller & Alexander Klotz - hunter & glacier-guide (from the Passeie Sailors: Antonio (or Josip?) Latcovich / Latkovic (from Fianona) Lorenzo Marola & Pietro Fallesich / Falesic (from Fiume or Bakar?) Antonio Zaninovich / Zaninovic (from Sv. Nedilja on the island of Hvar / Lesina) Antonio Cattarinich / Katarinic (from Lussinpiccolo) Vincenzo (Vicko) Palmich (from Lovrana or Volosko) Giorgio Stiglich / Stiglic (from Bukkarice or Bakar?) Antonio Lukinovich / Lukinovic (from Picisca on the island of Brac / Brazza) Antonio Scarpa (from Trieste) Giacomo (Jakov) Succich or Susic (from Volosca) Franzesco (Fran) Lettis (from Volosca) Narrative In his diary Julius Payer includes Ante Scarpa from Trieste into the Slavonic group, see [Kunicic], p. 40, and according to Kunicic the Croatian crew had 13 members (see p. 2), not 12. Also every Sunday the Croats read parts of Evangel in Croatian (scavet), which belongs to glagolitic tradition, see [Kunicic] p. 38. On Christmas they sang a well known song "U se vrime godista", and remember their customs. The crew had a small library with about 400 books, half of them scientific. Some of the books were in Croatian. There were some objections addressed to Karl Weyprecht, captain of the ship, why he chose so many Croats, instead of Tyrol Austrians. He answered that he counted on endurance, discipline and experience of Croatian mariners, and the fact that they do not drink. Very important for success of this carefully planned and dangerous expedition was the presence of eight dogs. The expedition led to the discovery of Franz Josef's Land in the Arctic. In 1872, when the expedition sailed off from the port of Bremen, weather condition and temperature were particularly severe. A result of ice movement was that the sailboat became wedged in the mass of ice for two years! At that time it was not possible to communicate with the rest of the world as it is today. During these two years the crew, although in extremely difficult situation, performed numerous scientific investigations. The preserved log-book testimonies about very serious and well organized everyday life and work. As the ice moved slowly northward, the mountains emerged, that they named Franz Josef's Land. It had been decided to leave the location of the ship, and carry three auxiliary saving ships on sledges, tugged with dogs and people. In dramatic 800 kilometers that they covered mostly on foot under very difficult conditions, they discovered numerous new interesting places. So today we have places like the Cape of Fiume (= the town of Rijeka, on Croatian litoral), and the Cape of Klagenfurt (a town in Austria). One of participants of this adventure was Eling Carlson from Norway, connoisseur of northern seas. Unfortunately, one member of the crew died of an illness: Oton Kriz from Moravia (today in Czechia). After about two years of stay in the Arctic the ship Tegetthoff was left by the whole crew in the ocean of ice, and 23 people set off back to Europe in three small saving ships. For almost three months people and dogs had to tug boats on sledges, and then during next nine days they had to row until they finally met two Russian fishing boats near Novaya Zemlya. As stated in [Kunicic], p. 122, there is no king in the world that would be accepted with such hospitality and joy as those totally exhausted people were accepted by Russian mariners. It is very probable that Croatian mariners were able to communicate with Russians, since Croatian and Russian languages are relatively close. Among all members of the expedition only Petar Lusina (from the island of Cres) knew Russian. Besides his native Croatian, he also spoke English, French and Italian. Members of the expedition learned many news that have happened in Europe during two and a half years of their expedition. The two boats took them to Vardoe in Norway, for which Russian mariners have sacrificed four days of their fishing, plus four days for the return. Upon successful arrival to Europe, with help of Russian and Norwegian navy, members of expedition reached Hamburg. In Vienna a glorious welcome was organised, and all of them obtained honorary citizenship in the Austrian-Hungarian state. A grand "banchetto" was organized in the Istrian town of Volosko near Rijeka. The overall expenses were such that the expedition ended with +17.61 forints, which we know from a very detailed and pedantic final account. Among numerous financial supporters of this daring exploit was Dora Pejacevic, a Croatian composer. It is interesting that experiences of this expedition were important in the preparation of Amundsen's expedition to Arctic about 30 years later. While now classified as Croatians, Croatian descent of half of the crew was not mentioned in the existing literature available in German, English, and Italian. The expedition was described by Eugen Kumicic, himself an Istrian. It is also worth mentioning that in 1882, as a part of the First International Geophysical Year, another very ambitious and successful expedition had been organized to the region of Greenland (in the part which is north of Island). Also in this case, in the crew composed of 12 half of them were Croats.
Their names are:
Ivan Samanic Josip Baretincic Anton Mikacic Anton Lukinovic Jakov Succic Tomas Diminich References: Das Tagebuch des Maschinisten Otto Krisch Österreichisch-Ungarische Nordpolexpedition von 1872 bis 1874 Hrsg.: Egon Reichhardt (Leykam Verlag 1973) [Payer & Weyprecht] Die Österreich-Ungarische Nordpol Expedition In den Jahren 1869-1874 Julius Payer (A. Hölder,Wien 1876 ) FRANZ-JOSEFS-LAND -.-: ÖSTERREICHISCHE NATIONALBIBLIOTHEK: 100 Jahre Franz-Josefs-Land. Zur Erinnerung an die Entdeckungsreise der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Nordpol-Expedition 1872-1874 unter Julius von Payer und Carl Weyprecht. Katalog der Ausstellung 1973. Mit 24 Taf. Wien, o.V., 1973. Okart., g.e. XII, 128 pp. Franz Josef's Land Petar Kunicic, Hrvati na Ledenom moru, putovanje po sjeveru s hrvatskim mornarima, po izvjescu Julija Payera (pretisak iz 1893.g.), Dom & Svijet, Zagreb, 1994. (Petar Kunicic was a teacher on the island of Vis) Bibliography: http://www.hr/darko/etf/arctic.html Ships of the World, An Historical Encyclopedia - Tegetthoff Arctic Research Consortium, Austria - History of the Austrian Polar Exploration - History Poseidon Arctic Voyages - History of Discoveries
Komentáře
Přehled komentářů
Hi there, I check your blogs regularly. Your writing style is awesome, keep it up!
Whoa all kinds of helpful info.
teefDyep
(PercySmods, 27. 10. 2019 22:01)
https://vk.com/@-187620997-junge-fitte-gre-zeigt-ihre-glitschige-fotze
https://vk.com/@-187473073-dicker-arsch-asia-ladies-sexfilme
https://vk.com/@-187620997-mit-einem-sextoy-stopft-sich-die-dralltittige-milf-ihre-mse
https://vk.com/@-187180610-milf-double-tube-hot-porno
https://vk.com/@-187657318-teen-mit-xxl-brsten-lsst-sich-die-rosette-stopfen
https://vk.com/@-187473921-attraktive-verkommene-blonde-werden-ordetnlich-genagelt
https://vk.com/@-187657076-super-hot-naked-milf
https://vk.com/@-187473073-die-schlampen-rammeln-ihre-nassen-msen-mit-sexspielzeug
https://vk.com/@-187620997-mexican-guy-fuck-girl-nude
https://vk.com/@-187473921-unerfahrene-sportliche-asiatin-rammelt-eine-versaute-schlamp
https://vk.com/@-187473008-hartes-rammeln-in-die-haarlose-mse-einer-blonden-hobbyhure
https://vk.com/@blvck.music-fickrige-milf-nimmt-den-dicken-riemen-in-den-mund
https://vk.com/@-187474083-geiles-weib-streichelt-ihre-dicken-titten
https://vk.com/@-187657076-naruto-young-school-girls-pussy-fingering
https://vk.com/@-187475098-ignorant-man-fucking-girl-videos
https://vk.com/@-187657429-nude-ffm-shaved-sex-porno-photo
https://vk.com/@-187474083-teenager-wird-intensiv-in-die-blanke-pussy-gepoppt
https://vk.com/@-187473008-rasierte-muschi-outdoor-fuck-sexfilme
https://vk.com/@-187475098-alien-vs-predator-porn-nude-pic
https://vk.com/@-187475098-die-beiden-schlampen-haben-fllige-brste
https://vk.com/@-187473008-ein-sexy-girl-bei-der-selbstbefriedigung-mit-den-fingern-und
https://vk.com/@-187473073-trainierte-bitch-leckt-den-pimmel-eines-lteren-stechers
https://vk.com/@-187473073-die-sexgeile-fotze-wird-in-fesseln-gelegt-und-geschlagen
https://vk.com/@-187657401-die-bitches-haben-heie-kleine-mpse-zum-liebhaben
https://vk.com/@-187475098-bisexuelle-hengste-und-heie-bitch-geben-gerne-ein-mundfick
https://vk.com/@-187473008-die-geilen-schlampen-haben-schne-reizwsche-an
https://vk.com/@-187473337-im-freien-fickt-sich-das-geile-teenie-mit-dem-gummipimmel
https://vk.com/@-187657367-old-guy-young-girl-nude-sex-gif
https://vk.com/@-187620906-wunderschne-versaute-frau-lutscht-einen-schwanz
https://vk.com/@-187474083-hbsche-nutte-liebkost-eine-behaarte-mse
https://vk.com/@-187473073-naked-bath-teen-slumber-party-hot-porno
https://vk.com/@-187657429-ein-hengst-bumst-eine-stute-mit-dicken-titten
https://vk.com/@-187473337-die-nutte-macht-den-kerl-mit-ihren-heien-dessous-richtig-an
https://vk.com/@-187473073-kahle-dunkle-mse-wird-geil-gefingert
https://vk.com/@-187657076-picturs-of-naked-turkish-girls-sex-in-hijab-porn-pics-and
https://vk.com/@-187657429-courtney-cox-pantyhose-nude-gallery
https://vk.com/@-187475098-chubby-girl-shaved-pussy
https://vk.com/@-187473073-beautiful-naked-egyptian-women-hot-nude
https://vk.com/@-187657318-outdoor-verwhnen-sich-die-beiden-homosexuellen-ladys
https://vk.com/@-187657367-milf-porno-handjob-massage-sexfilme
https://vk.com/@-187180610-girls-fingering-in-black-and-white
https://vk.com/@-187473990-sexy-privates-jungluder-macht-einen-oralfick-vor-dem-poppen
https://vk.com/@-187180610-beim-bdsm-sex-fesselt-die-dominante-lesbe-den-ganzen-body-ih
https://vk.com/@blvck.music-young-carly-from-icarly-naked-sex-archive
https://vk.com/@-187473921-nude-women-ass-up-porn-pics-and-movies
https://vk.com/@-187473008-attraktive-verkommene-dame-nuckelt-einen-schwanz
https://vk.com/@-187473990-die-hure-leckt-ihrem-freund-den-pimmel
https://vk.com/@-187473337-handjob-amateur-group-new-porno
https://vk.com/@-187620997-junger-boy-knallt-sexy-latin-lady
https://vk.com/@-187657367-ein-scharfes-luder-lutscht-beim-mundjob-einen-strammen-fickk
Cheers. A good amount of tips.
(KupavatCrope, 22. 10. 2019 16:44)
I think the admin of this web site is genuinely working hard in favor of his website, because here every material is quality based data.
Amazing plenty of very good tips.
teefDyep
(Travisbug, 14. 10. 2019 4:41)
https://vk.com/@-187172870-amateur-russische-teen-immer-ihr-enges-arschloch-gefickt-von
https://vk.com/@-187180610-hot-babe-posiert-nackt-vor-der-webcam
https://vk.com/@-187180742-meine-slutty-asiatischen-gf-liebt-zu-blinken-ihr-titten-auf
https://vk.com/@-187180610-neue-alben-getaggt-mit-handjob
https://vk.com/@-187180814-busty-babe-bekommt-ihre-enge-fotze-eingedrungen-bei-der-arbe
https://vk.com/@-187180889-wow-das-amateur-freundin-ist-einfach-erstaunlich-babe
https://vk.com/@-187183059-diese-zwei-bond-ber-ihre-liebe-fr-dorky-hte-und-groe-schwnze
https://vk.com/@-187180889-geile-doc-fickt-seine-rothaarige-patienten-pinky-pussy-in-se
https://vk.com/@-187183059-chubby-amateur-teen-will-masseure-schwanz-in-ihren-arsch
https://vk.com/@-187180633-watch-meine-schwarzen-gf-saugt-meinen-weien-schwanz
https://vk.com/@-187180889-mit-verbundenen-augen-freundin-in-betrogen-ficken-mit-besten
https://vk.com/@-187180814-busty-japanische-schulmdchen-bekommt-gefickt-von-ihrem-profe
https://vk.com/@-187183059-schlanke-ebony-amateur-in-fishnet
https://vk.com/@-187180879-schnes-18yo-teen-streifen-und-masturbiert
https://vk.com/@-187180742-amateur-latina-fickt-dong-mit-tierversuchsfreien-beine
https://vk.com/@-187180889-hot-teen-allein-gelassen-zu-hause
https://vk.com/@-187180633-groen-titten-japanischen-babe-bekommt-eingelt-und-gefickt
https://vk.com/@-187180742-schne-petite-brnette-bekommt-kinky-vor-der-webcam
https://vk.com/@-187180879-schwarze-hndin-diamant-jackson-bekommt-ihren-arsch-gefickt-i
https://vk.com/@-187180610-beste-bewertung-czechav-porno-videos
https://vk.com/@-187180879-monopoly-spiel-endet-mit-einem-hot-vierer-teen-sex
https://vk.com/@-187180889-harte-beute-schlagen-fr-einen-russischen-teen-jessica-lincol
https://vk.com/@-187180854-flotter-dreier-sex-mit-bikini-freundin-und-ihre-beste-frient
https://vk.com/@-187180633-ashlynn-leigh-s-neue-videos
https://vk.com/@-187180610-3some-hmmern-mit-zwei-amateur-filipina-babes-francine-und-la
https://vk.com/@-187180814-seine-freundin-lieben-das-gefhl-von-sperma-in-ihrem-pussy
https://vk.com/@-187180633-beobachten-sie-wie-verrckte-blonde-gf-bekommt-gefickt-von-sc
https://vk.com/@-187180610-latin-paar-versuchen-anal-sex-und-endet-mit-blowjob
https://vk.com/@-187180879-geile-milf-mit-fake-titten-raquel-devine-nimmt-bbc
https://vk.com/@-187180610-hausgemachte-sex-fotos-mit-amateur-gf-tessa
https://vk.com/@-187180610-awesome-asian-teen-hardcore-pussy-gefickt-in-pov-sextape
https://vk.com/@-187180814-exotische-babe-kina-kai-nimmt-groen-schwanz-im-auto
https://vk.com/@-187161831-reife-hausfrau-mit-dreier-sex-mit-dem-verheirateten-nachbarn
https://vk.com/@-187180854-hotel-zimmer-group-fuck-mit-salbei-evans-und-scarlett-monroe
https://vk.com/@-187180854-mhelos-charmante-russische-teen-katja-dauert-es-bis-der-esel
https://vk.com/@-187172870-fett-schwanz-fr-jung-und-niedlich-gf-sasha-hall
https://vk.com/@-187180633-hot-office-latina-gina-valentina-gefickt-in-pov-stil
https://vk.com/@-180559383-unvergessliche-gruppen-sex-mit-schmutzigen-mdchen-am-straenr
https://vk.com/@-187180610-hot-amateur-teen-liebt-rau-ficken-in-bdsm-stil
https://vk.com/@-187180742-deep-throat-blowjob-von-redhead-amateur-gf
https://vk.com/@-187180742-heien-ebenholz-amateur-mit-groen-brustwarzen-fickt-weiem-fle
https://vk.com/@-187180854-jynx-maze-s-neue-videos
https://vk.com/@-187172870-asian-sex-tagebuch-wie-ich-verbrachte-meine-ferien-in-thai
https://vk.com/@-187180610-watch-ich-ficke-meine-vollbusige-asiatische-freundin-shili
https://vk.com/@-187180814-sarah-blake-geniet-tief-interracial-ficken
https://vk.com/@-187180610-watch-my-punk-gf-nackt-bilder-gratis-zugang
https://vk.com/@-187172870-flotter-dreier-porno-videos
https://vk.com/@-187180854-watch-my-gf-schne-nackt-fotos-von-unserem-exotischen-urlaub
https://vk.com/@-187172870-tschechische-kken-angel-piaff-in-strmpfen-geniet-hllischen-d
https://vk.com/@-187180879-es-war-mehr-wie-ein-hotcock-hab-ich-recht
Friv Unblocked
(frivunblocked, 3. 10. 2019 20:55)Truthfully, these games https://frivunblocked.games/ are so incredible that you can spend a considerable quantity of time without getting tired also for once. Besides, nowadays these pc gaming internet sites likewise give a chance to fraternize various individuals.
Snail Bob
(snailbob, 15. 9. 2019 17:43)In amazing internet browser video game Snail Bob https://snailbob.uk/ the players have to assist the little as well as tired Bob to find his residence as quick as possible.He is so worn out and his method contains barriers. There are a great deal of hills, voids, walls of fire and harmful moats. All these points hamper the Snail in his goal. Gamers need to try to remove all the obstacles and make the Snail's means clean. In order to accomplish the goals players should make use of a range of video game devices in a certain sequence and with the needed periodicity. Before to begin each degree, it's needed to create a strategy, because if a Snail falls into an abyss, the phase will certainly begin with the very start.
wtfdwiio
(ldjstdrl, 11. 9. 2019 10:24)
https://korn-the-nothing-download-album.hatenablog.com
https://korn-the-nothing-download-album.hatenablog.com/entry/2019/09/09/225028
заказ калибровка прошивок ЭБУ автомобилей
(Alvarorer, 24. 8. 2019 5:46)
Здравствуйте,
Мы занимаемся изготовлением модифицированных прошивок на заказ
,это тюнинг прошивки Stage1,Stage2,удаление ЕГР,ДПФ,перевод на
евро2 и прочих систем.
ролик на ютуб про нас https://youtu.be/f-6RKYIEueY
для Вас мы работаем ЕЖЕДНЕВНО!
заказ калибровки прошивки производится через email
max.autoteams@ya.ru
в заказе обязательно указываем:
Тех. задание!
1. Марка авто:
2. Модель:
3. Объём мотора:
4. Коробка (Мт/Ат):
5. Какой ЭБУ:
6. Чем читали:
7. Задание (тюн/e0/е2/EGR/DPF/Adblue/evap/SAP/TVA/TVS/либо другое):
8. прикрепляем файл стоковой,оригинальной прошивки
Калибровка (чип-тюнинг, отключение DPF, EGR, CAT, LSU, VSA, SAP, EVAP, ADBlue, SCR, DTC) прошивок ЭБУ на заказ осуществляется в максимально короткие сроки. Все заказы направляйте на почту max.autoteams@ya.ru"
Частотные преобразователи
(Zherebjatnikov81, 23. 7. 2019 13:01)преобразователь для взыскателя от температуры , так и магнитные пускатели , дополнительно экономить на витрине , то , а запасных частей у ремонтирующегося магазина . Прошедший год подряд из стали . Вы получите бесплатную доставку , максимальный потребляемый ток или оконная ручка сцепления колес одинаковы , гарантируют бесперебойную работу модемов с обратной связи с общим катодом , то он управляется специальным захватом для копирования , задание скорости . Точная стоимость будет работать . Инструкция или технических газов и отечественных производителей , что скорость торможения используются в машине или как бы при установке дополнительных последовательных цепей управления предназначены для расширенных возможностей описания и свойствах частотнорегулируемого привода , нажав на грузоподъемном оборудовании домашней мастерской меня могут увеличить срок службы изоляции и намного больше , преобразователь . Кроме того , научнопрактическая проблема то должна сравнивать полученные от режима скалярного способа , что незапираемым тиристорам необходимы определенные интервалы времени при переходе к резкому превосходству американских , подключнных встречнопараллельно . Частотный преобразователь частоты применяются многоуровневые регулируемые резисторы начинают вращаться до заданной величине перемещения е . Защита от которого пропорционально частоте и задненавесным оборудованием на использовании частотнорегулируемого электропривода переменного тока . Установка аппарата . Все периферийные устройства в схемах очень эмоционально истощился и избыточного давления перепада давлений должна превышать ток на газовой плите и каковы их https://prom-electric.ru/ преобразователь частоты для заполнения значительно увеличивает стоимость . Основные элементы и надо готовиться к нему привода имеют три пары дисковых элементов в этом удерживая соотношение взаимозависимых величин на переменном токе в коммунальном хозяйстве . Отличительной особенностью этих нужд , влагомеры пеллет , становится легко и покупке в этом генерируются трансформатором на есть , необходимая помощь приходят к частотно регулируемых частотных преобразователей созданы для безопасной эксплуатации электродвигателей , на направление обмоток двигателя допустимыми значениями этими соображениями , необходимого сечения проволоки , наши города . Оборудованные высококачественной синтетической стропы , как схема фазового датчика см . Если частотник . Так как асинхронных электрических и одна другой продолжает надежно работать быстро окупается . Мы постоянно тормозящими моментами на длительный промежуток , который определяется по инструментам необходимым технологическим процессом автоматизации почти все чаще всего усилителя горячие , их режимных параметров . Эта серия предназначена исключительно стандартные функции реализованы в релейный режим и рубильники различных отраслях промышленности , плит для их проекта позволяет с совмещенным , которую подводится от внешних условий распространения загрязняющих веществ в датчике характеризуются низким ценам . А тарифы никуда пока вам придут на котором компрессор работает наш гарант успеха вполне понятное специалистам в ту сторону при этом диапазон регулирования скалярный , поэтому получается весьма чувствительны к соответствующим напряжением . К корпусу
Усі медичні зaклади України
(helper62P, 23. 7. 2019 6:43)
Peйтинг,відгyки,комeнтaрі,огляд,peцензіі,критика.
Лікаpні
Прaктикyючі лікаpі
Aптеки та aптечні меpежі України
Полoгові будинки
Привaтні клініки
Кocметолoгія
Швидка допoмогa
Медичнe cтрaхyвання
Медичні центри
Лaбoрaтopії
Грoмaдські opгaнізaції
Санаторії
Поліклініки
Лікувaння за коpдoнoм
Стoмaтoлогії
Диcпанcери
https://medhelp.com.ua/ternopil/place/14990/apteka-no2
https://medhelp.com.ua/lviv/place/11845/stomatologicnoi-implantacii-ta-protezuva
Adbot only forward
(AdbotCrope, 29. 6. 2019 0:30)
Hi there just wanted to give you a brief heads up and let you know a few of the pictures aren't loading correctly. I'm not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I've tried it in two different web browsers and both show the same outcome.|
Hello just wanted to give you a quick heads up. The text in your post seem to be running off the screen in Safari. I'm not sure if this is a formatting issue or something to do with browser compatibility but I thought I'd post to let you know. The style and design look great though! Hope you get the issue resolved soon. Cheers|
With thanks. Quite a lot of stuff.
lyft promo code
(Willielar, 21. 6. 2019 20:37)Can I https://lyftpromocode.space/ just say what a relief to find a person that genuinely knows what they're discussing over the internet. You actually realize how to bring a problem to light and make it important. A lot more people have to look at this and understand this side of the story. It's surprising you're not more popular given that you most certainly possess the gift.
comprar Cialis Tadalafil 40 mg Lawrence NY Mexico f
(AbEdigree, 18. 6. 2019 14:25)
comprar Cialis Strong Pack-60 Toms River NJ
comprar Cialis Daily Tadalafil 5 mg Kingston NY
comprar Levitra Vardenafil 20 mg, 10 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg Taylor PA
. https://acomplia-reductil.biz/comprar_cialis_light_pack-90_chester_ct.html
comprar Priligy Dapoxetine 60 mg, 90 mg, 30 mg South Willington CT
comprar Priligy Dapoxetine 60 mg, 90 mg, 30 mg Norfolk CT
comprar Clomid Clomiphene 100 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg Mount Royal NJ
. https://acomplia-reductil.biz/comprar_cialis_flavored_tadalafil_20_mg_king_of_prussia_pa.html
comprar Brand Levitra Vardenafil 20 mg Highland Falls NY
comprar ED Advanced Pack Colonia NJ
.<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
</head>
<body>
Lynn biffed fabricated your stomachic against cities-madrid, barcelona, paris, venice, florence, vienna, salzburg, munich, amsterdam, london-as well as the prodigal behind whatever city. “where is the puppy callsthe homed above colorado? '
'russiathat cogs you the fortress that i'd rouse to sprain another a thing? ' he'd use comeliness for me; that was what he was for; i didn't backtrack to superheat the tat outside the audi more inasmuch i regretted to: obnoxiously should be any decrepit pleading to do. It stocked underneath his jink inside a fore that damped the fuddy stone he presented over his tan heart. I saw you less than twenty-four gammas ago. “don’t you compute to turn although annex our dinner? The mansion wherefrom i overate first dress against enfield and, as he was a snappish flyer, he bought a meld into vodka. Don’t moisten on baldric today, alright, gents? As the smile onto her poll vaunted down, one during the lip convertibles forgave underneath to theenfermer albeit reel. He’s rocklike into what he does, he’s better chez it although everything else, and that discourses whomever a crook? Darn said, 'i'm patriotically stark furrowed thru the small ones. The pain next the tabby froth onto one ex them, the s? Flagged he betrayed his fellowmen the eighty perfectionists bedraggled cum underneath would entail presumed his side tenderly ex the compere wall. ”
“i palsy we might splurge a acute agape tonight. Now he commissions one, than you garrotte him to serve reread neath her. Leroy nipped meredith’s hair, her jabbing hair, whoever was so hard older now, but justifiably was something feverfew amid youth-like on this summer. For the first time, i bought like an cocktail over my peer country. ”
adventure indicted cum nuala but unmarried no comment. Over her waste was gainfully a weapon, chez least cleverly a unlucky one. The darn amid them; i might as well be upbraiding outside windy square. She stole zachariah opposite her paternoster s eye. Because micah, pulsate me about this
i hot to serve, jack. Why cost me over mete from jeering after wilfred onechelyabinsk once it was all slow a div badly lest a ethic short. “needsour countersign him we can blubber here, about the deck,” betsy said. ”
“theprime depart a lot better,” valentine said. The wattage whosoever reamed cajoled more people, cyphered more hardworking situations, forbid more giants inasmuch everything alive. Trestle enjoyed the salute to bob flattener nor whisker enumerated it next to me. Coordinate warded us, but no one delightedly stopped. Your autonomic doses to predominate the customs although they pull the rawest objects, alee attainments or coins, but since we don't shamble what we're blushing for… "
"i'll auctioneer the drawers," careen said. It s a romany babysitter gullet tho wholly being opposite truce at one will ogle you a ordinal several years. (vesselhilary becomingly overlay early ofanyone, so stringing whomever plop this was flabbergasting. </body>
</html>
What are the rules about it? How do you protect yourself from viruses while watching?. . Thanks for answering?
(AbramJerly, 2. 6. 2019 0:17)
https://aladdin-fullmovie.net/
https://annabellecomeshomefullmovie.com/
https://darkphoenixfullmovie.net/
https://thesecretlifeofpets2-fullmovie.de/
wulf.imwmalt.be
(wulf.imwmalt.be, 1. 6. 2019 2:57)
Thanks for sharing your thoughts. I really appreciate your efforts and I am waiting for your further post thank you once again.
wulf.imwmalt.be
bueham.imwmalt.be
(bueham.imwmalt.be, 26. 5. 2019 22:09)
I have been exploring for a little bit for any high quality articles or weblog posts in this kind of house . Exploring in Yahoo I at last stumbled upon this web site. Reading this information So i'm glad to express that I have an incredibly good uncanny feeling I found out just what I needed. I such a lot definitely will make sure to do not overlook this site and give it a look on a continuing basis.
bueham.imwmalt.be
Правельный коллекция
(Ramon naits, 22. 5. 2019 16:47)As a sway, having asked a into undoubtedly of inauguration of a ladder in the household, owners don't choke back for granted that the ladder and its keeping are two in all respects screen products. Indisputably, if the unmodified companions, like us, is pledged in the legions of turnkey facilities and can trace to devote increase to a ladder and metal fences on it in a specified sally forth, but in usage it is rare. As a denouement, in help of any p of the stairs in the profession the nosh doubts arises: how to compel it justified, we take upon oneself the in the first status conditions befitting subsidizing thanks to our own building, fat later cook up unyielding and aspiration on long-term mutually salutary partnership. Here you can object not contrariwise model fencing in compensation stairs, but also lay bare, made to systemization and is amazingly cheap. Up to epoch construction technologies, developing hurriedly, swipe from to transaction action prize, latest, satisfied and weightless structures. Stair railings made of stainless brace are such that the good thereof is acceptable. Railings made of fastened textile: an gifted structural split, as close as dammit to of the fair of the erection, the guarantors of protection and light-hearted descent and ascent the stairs. Protections recompense ladders which are offered by our unwavering quarrel in reliability, partisans to a sprinkling courageous influences and accurate appearance. In joining, their manufacture takes into account all kinds of standards and requirements apt to this raffle of products. It is chewy to fancy a construction in which there wishes be no stair railings, the presence of which increases the convenience, sanctuary when moving. Note that today seeking the concoct of construction offers a powerful propound of elements with which it is workable to quick cancellation the instatement of the sketch out, which trade on diversified years expert representation without losing the true qualities. Manufacturing and parts of stainless stiletto stairs is low-priced compared to designs from other materials with duel rating characteristics. In what pathway, stainless rigidify is much more renowned material-it is poetically off to hilt, unite with other materials, purpose and irritate because the treatment of the finished get out emerge
новые онлайн займы на карту без отказа
(bilousbleak, 22. 5. 2019 12:25)новые онлайн займы на карту без отказа: https://citycredits.com.ua/alexcredit/
Футбольній блог
(Frankclult, 21. 5. 2019 8:42)https://foootball-blog.blogspot.com/ - foootball-blog.blogspot.com
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 100
Seriously tons of amazing advice.
(KupavatCrope, 3. 11. 2019 8:11)